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ﻥ ﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﺵﺑﻧﺟ
ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ٔﻪﻣﺎﻧﺷﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺎﻳﺩﭘ ﯽﮑﻳﻭ
ﯽﻋﺎﻣﺗﺟﺍ ﺵﺑﻧﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﺵﺑﻧﺟ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻕﻭﻘﺣ یﺍﺭﺑ ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻭﺷ ﯽ ﻣ ﻪﺗﻔﮔ.
ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻕﻭﻘﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻉﺎﻓﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻭﻧﮐﺍ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻳﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺩﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺕﻳﻟﺎﻌﻓ
ﺭﺎﻫﺩﻧﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺑﮐ ﻪﺟﻳﺩﺧ ﯽﻧﺍﺭﺩ ﻡﻳﺭﻣ یﺭﺑﻫﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﯽﺳﺎﻳﺳ ﺕﮐﺭﺎﺷﻣ ﻪﺗﻳﻣﮐ ، ﺭﻳﻳﻐﺗ یﺍﺭﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺟ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ،
ﺕﻳﻌﻣﺟ ، ﺩﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺎﺟﻧﭘ ﻥﻳﺎﭘﻣﮐ ، ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ یﺭﺳﺍﺭﺳ ﻪﻳﺩﺎﺣﺗﺍ ، ﻥﺎ ﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻪﮑﺑﺷ ، ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓ ﺍ
ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐ ﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﯽﺑﻼﻘﻧﺍ (ﺍﻭﺍﺭ)ﺍﺩﻬﺷ ﻪﺳﺳﺅﻣ ﺩﺭﮐ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ. [١][٢]
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ﻪﭼﺧﻳﺭﺎﺗ
ﻩﺎﺷ ﷲ ﻥﺎﻣﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺕﻓﺭﮔ ﻝﮑﺷ ﺕﻳﻣﻭﺭﺣﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺯ ﺕﺎﺟﻧ ﻭ ﯽﻗﺭﺗ ﻭ ﺕﻓﺭﺷﻳﭘ ﻑﺩﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻝﮑﺷﺗ
ﻖﺣ ،ﺕﺣﺍﺭﺗﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺭ ﺎﮐ ﻖﺣ ،ﻝﻳﺻﺣﺗ ﻖﺣ ،ﺕﻳﺑﺭﺗﻭ ﻡﻳﻠﻌﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺹﻭﺻﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ یﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻭ ﻕﻭﻘﺣ ﯽﭘ ﺭﺩ
ﻭ ،ﯽﻧﺩﻣ ﻭ ﯽﺳﺎﻳﺳ یﺎﻫ ﺕﻳﻟﺎﻌﻓ ،ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻣﺗﺟﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺑ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺗﻔﮔ یﺩﺍﺯﺁ ،یﺩﺭﻓ ﺕﻳﻧﻭﺻﻣ ،یﺩﺭﻓ یﺩﺍﺯﺁ
ﻥﺍﻭﺳﻧ ﺕﻳﺎﻣﺣ ﻥﻣﺟﻧﺍ ، ﯽﻧﺎﻣﺍ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ . ﺩﻭﺑ ﺭﻭﺷﮐ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻠﻳﺻﺣﺗ یﺎﻫﺭﻔﺳ ﻝﺑﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺷ ﺱﻳﺳﺎﺗ
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ﺩﺭﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺕﻳﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻝﺯﻧﻣ ﺭﻭﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺕﻓﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺕﺧﻭﺩ ،ﺩﺍﻭﺳ ﺵﺯﻭﻣﺁ یﺎﺗﺳﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺗﺷﻳﺑ.
ﻩﺎﺷ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﷴ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻪﻳﺩﺎﺣﺗﺍ ١٣٢٢ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺳﺳﺅﻣ ،ﺩﻧﺗﺷﺍﺩ ﺕﻳﻭﺿﻋ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺯ ﺕﺳﻳﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻥﺍﻭﺳﻧ ﯽﻟﺎﻋ . ﺎﺑ ﺩﻧﺩﺭﮐ ﺱﻳﺳﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ یﺭﮕﻧﺷﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻭﻣﺁ ، ﻝﮑﺷﺗ ﻑﺩﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻝﺑﺎﮐ ﺭﻬﺷ ﺯﮐﺭﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ
ﻭ ﺕﻓﺎﻳ ﺹﺎﺻﺗﺧﺍ ﻪﺳﺳﻭﻣ ﻥﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﻳﻣﺯ ﻪﻌﻁﻗ ﮏﻳ ، ﻩﺎﺷ ﷲ ﻥﺎﻣﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﺧ ، ﺏﻧﻳﺯ ﯽﺑ ﯽﺑ یﺭﻳﮕﻳﭘ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻬﻧﺷﻳﭘ
ﻥﺎﻧﺯ یﺍﺭﺑ یﺯﻭﻣﺁﺩﺍﻭﺳ ﻪ ﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺏﺗﮑﻣ . ﺩﺷ ﻪﺗﺧﺎﺳ ﺭﺎﮐ یﺎﻫﺭﺗﻓﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻣﻧﻳﺳ ،ﺏﺗﮑﻣ ،ﻥﺎﺗﺳﮐﺩﻭﮐ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ
ﺕﺧﺍﺩﺭﭘ ﯽﻣ ﻝﺎﺳﮔﺭﺯﺑ. ﻥﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ . ﺩﻭﺑ ﺩﻭﺩﺣﻣ یﺍ ﻪﻓﺭﺣ ﻭ ﯽﻧﻓ یﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﻭﻣﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺳﻧ ﯽﻟﺎﻋ ﻪﺳﺳﺅﻣ ﺕﻳﻟﺎﻌﻓ
ﯽﻋﺎﻣﺗﺟﺍ ﺭﻭﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺎﮐ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺕﺭﺎﻅﻧ ﺭﻳﺯ ﻭ ﺕﻓﺎﻳ ﺭﻳﻳﻐﺗ « ﻪﻧﻟﻭﺗ ﻭﻧﻣﺭﻳﻣ » ﻪﺑ ١٣۴٢ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺳﺳﻭﻣ
ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻣﻬﻣ ﺭﻭﻣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ کﺍﺭﺗﺷﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﺕﺿﻬﻧ ﺩﻳﺫﻣ ﻑﺎﺷﮑﻧﺍ » ﺕﻣﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺕﻳﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻭ ﺕﻓﺭﮔ ﺭﺍﺭﻗ
یﺍﺩﺗﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻭﺳﻧ ﻪﺳﺳﻭﻣ . « ﺩﻳﺎﻣﻧ ﻪﻳﻭﻘﺗ ﻡﻟﺎﺳ ﺭﻭﻁﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺯ ﻑﻗﻭﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺩﻳﺩﺭﮔ ﻑﻭﻁﻌﻣ
ﺭﺩﺎﻣ ﺯﻭﺭ ، ﺭﺩﺎﻣ ﻡﺎﻘﻣ ﺕﺷﺍﺩﮔﺭﺯﺑ یﺍﺭﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﻫ ﻥﻭﺟ ١۴ ﺯﻭﺭ ١٩٧٠ ﻪﻫﺩ ًﺍﺩﻌﺑ . ﺩﺭﮐ یﺭﺍﺫﮕﻣﺎﻧ
یﺩﺎﻣﺗﻋﺍ ﻕﻭﺭﺎﻓ ﻪﺣﻟﺎﺻ ﯽﻬﺟﻭﺗ ﻪﻧﻟﻭﺗ ﻭ ﻥﻣﺭﻳﻣﺩ ﯽﮑﻠﺳﻣ ﺏﺗﮑﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺍ . ﺩﻳﺳﺭ ﻪﻧﻟﻭﺗ ﻭﻧﻣﺭﻳﻣ ﺕﻳﺭﻳﺩﻣ ﻪﺑ
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ﺩﺭﮐ ﯽﻣ ﮏﻣﮐ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻭﺷﮐ ﻥﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺗﺧﺩ ﻝﻳﺻﺣﺗ یﺍﺭﺑ ﻭ ﺕﺷﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺧ.
یﺩﻼﻳﻣ ١٩۶۵ ﺭﺑﻣﺍﻭﻧ ) ١٣۴۴ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ) ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﮏﻳﺗﺍﺭﮐﻭﻣﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺎﺗﻳﻫﺎﻧﺁ ﺭﻭﺗﮐﻭﺩ ﻁﺳﻭﺗ
ﺭﻳﺻﺑ ﻪﻧﻣﻭﻣ ، یﺯﺭﻳﺷ ﻩﺩﻳﻣﺣ ، ﯽﻠﻋ ﺍﺭﺑﮐ ، ﺎﮑﻳﻟﺭﭘ ﺎﻳﺭﺛ ، ﺩﺍﺯ ﺏﺗﺍﺭ ﺩﻧﻣﺗﺷﮐ ﻪﻠﻳﻣﺟ ﻪﺗﺷﺍﺫﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﻧﺑ ﻝﺑﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ
ﻭ
ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻕﻭﻘﺣ ﺕﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻳﺎﻫ ﺕﺍﺭﻫﺎﻅﺗ ﯽﻳﺎﭘﺭﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻩﻭﺭﮔ ﻥﻳﺍ یﺎﻫ ﺕﻳﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺯﺍ . ﺩﺷ یﺍﺭﺑ . ﺩﺭﮐ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ
ﺏﺭﻘﻋ ﻪﺳ ﻩﺭﻫﺎﻅﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﻫﺎﻅﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ،ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻥﻳﻟﻭﺍ ﺍﺭﮔ پﭼ یﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺭﮔ ﻁﺳﻭﺗ ﻪﮐ
ﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﻅﻓﺎﺣﻣ یﺎﺿﻋﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺧﺭﺑ ( یﺩﻼﻳﻣ ١٩۶٨ ) ١٣۴٧ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ . ﺩﻧﺩﺭﮐ ﺕﮐﺭﺷ ،ﺩﻭﺑ ﻩﺩﺷ ﯽﻫﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
ﻪﮔﺭﺟ ﯽﺳﻟﻭ ﺩﻧﻧﺎﺳﺭﺑ ﺏﻳﻭﺻﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻭﺷﮐ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺗﺧﺩ ﻝﻳﺻﺣﺗ ﻊﻧﻣ یﺍﺭﺑ ﯽﻧﻭﻧﺎﻗ ﺩﻧﺗﺳﺍﻭﺧ ﯽﻣ
ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﻳﺎﻐﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺭﮐ ﺕﺍﺭﻫﺎﻅﺗ ﺩﺎﻬﻧﺷﻳﭘ ﻥﻳﺍ ﻪﻳﻠﻋ ﺭﺗﺧﺩ ﺎﻫﺩﺻ ،ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﯽﻫﺩﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﻭ
ﻥﺎﺗﺳﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻑﺭﺻ ﺩﺎﻬﻧﺷﻳﭘ ﻥﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮔﺭﺟ ﯽﺳﻟﻭ ،ﻪﺟﺑﺗﻧ ﺭﺩ . ﺩﻧﺗﺳﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺭﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺯ ﻕﻭﻘﺣ یﻭﺎﺳﺗ ﻭ
ﻥﺎﻣﻠﺳﻣ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻭﺟ » ﯽﻁﺍﺭﻓﺍ ﺡﺎﻧﺟ یﺎﺿﻋﺍ ( یﺩﻼﻳﻣ ١٩٧٠ ) ١٣۴٩ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ . ﺩﺭﮐ ﺭﻅﻧ» ﻥﺩﻳﺷﻭﭘ ﻪﻳﻠﻋ
ﻩﺎﮔ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺩﺭﮐ ﺭﻳﻓ ،ﺩﻧﺗﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺎﺗﻭﮐ ﺱﺎﺑ ﻟ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻧﺯ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺗﺧﺩ یﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﯽﺷﻭﭘ ﮏﻳﺷ ﻭ ﻩﺎﺗﻭﮐ ﺱﺎﺑﻟ
ﯽﺷﺎﭘ ﺩﻳﺳﺍ ﺏﺍﺯﻳﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﯽﺿﻌﺑ یﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺗﺧﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺯ ۵٠٠٠ ﺯﺍ ﺵﻳﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ . ﺩﻧﺩﺭﮐ
ﻥﻳﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﺟﻣ ﻭ ﯽﺳﺭﺯﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻫﺍﻭﺧ ﺕﻗﻭ ﺕﻣﻭﮑﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﺗﺳﮔ ﯽﺗﺍﺭﻫﺎﻅﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺩ ﺭﮐ ﯽﻫﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺍﺭ ﻝﺑﺎﮐ
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ﺩﺭﮐ ﯽﻧﺍﺩﻧﺯ ﻭ ﺭﻳﮕﺗﺳﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﻳﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﺯﺍ یﺩﺍﺩﻌﺗ ﺯﻳﻧ ﺕﻣﻭﮑﺣ . ﺩﻧﺩﺷ ﺭﺎﮐ ﻥﻳﺍ.
